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Generally, a
Beweis is understood to be one piece of evidence that suffices to prove something. The plural
Beweise can refer either to a plurality of such sufficient proofs, or to pieces of evidence that become proof by their combination. Therefore the German plural is often equivalent to the English uncountable singular. For example:
Es gibt Beweise für die Entdeckung Amerikas durch die Wikinger. (“There is proof for the Vikings’ discovery of America.”)
The singular is used in German as in English for an intellectual study aimed at proving something, as in
ein mathematischer Beweis (“a mathematical proof”).